Fresh research suggests that many mainstream mental health programmes are not suitable for neurodivergent children and young people. Traditional approaches, which often depend on sustained conversation, abstract reasoning and verbal expression, can be challenging and ineffective for those with different communication and sensory needs.
A study led by the University of York alongside the Centre for Mental Health found that widely used methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness can be difficult for autistic children to engage with. Some experience sensory overload, while others face communication barriers, leading to reduced participation and limited long-term benefits. In some cases, young people feel compelled to mask their difficulties, which may result in emotional exhaustion.
Researchers are instead encouraging a shift towards strengths-based support. They highlight the potential of adapted, play-focused and sensory-aware approaches to improve engagement and overall wellbeing. Interventions that build on children’s interests, such as Lego-based therapy, have shown promise in supporting social skills and emotional regulation.
The findings also emphasise that mental health support for neurodivergent children should be treated as a reasonable adjustment rather than an attempt to change differences. Experts say services must adapt to meet individual needs, particularly given that a significant proportion of neurodivergent pupils experience mental health challenges during their school years, with higher risks among autistic girls and those from marginalised communities.
